How can printing more currency without reserves, negatively impacts the economy and increase inflation?

The value of  currency is based on people’s trust, and excessive currency printing undermines that trust and credibility and can lead to hyperinflation, economic instability, and even the complete collapse of the currency.
When central banks print money without having the necessary reserves, they are effectively creating more money out of nothing, which can lead to an increase in the money supply in the economy.
Moreover, if governments have to rely on printing money to fund their spending, it can set off a vicious cycle of inflation and economic instability.
As governments print money to meet their spending needs, currencies depreciate, prices rise, and people’s purchasing power declines.

There are many such examples of hyperinflation caused by excessive currency printing:

Zimbabwe (2008): Zimbabwe experienced its worst hyperinflation in history, with prices doubling every 24.7 hours at the height of the crisis. Inflation reached an estimated 89.7 sextillion percent and the Zimbabwe dollar completely collapsed.

Germany (1923): After World War I, Germany printed money to pay off its war debts, causing hyperinflation. Prices doubled every 3.7 days, and by November 1923 inflation had reached 29,500%. The German government eventually introduced a new currency, the Rentenmark, to stabilize the economy.

Venezuela (2016-2019): In recent years, Venezuela has experienced hyperinflation due to a combination of factors such as low oil prices, corruption and excessive printing of banknotes. Inflation exceeded 1,000,000% in 2018, leading to widespread poverty, food and medicine shortages, and social unrest.

Hungary (1946): After World War II, Hungary experienced hyperinflation as the government printed excess banknotes to fund reconstruction efforts. Prices doubled every 15.6 hours, and in July 1946 inflation reached 4.19 x 10¹⁶ percent. The Hungarian government eventually introduced a new currency, the forint, to stabilize the economy.

Yugoslavia (1993-1994):In the early 1990s, Yugoslavia experienced hyperinflation due to political instability and the collapse of the country. Inflation he reached more than 5 billion percent in 1993, leading to the collapse of the Yugoslav dinar and eventually the introduction of new currencies in the constituent republics.

In summary, printing money without the necessary reserves against it can lead to a range of economic problems, including hyperinflation, decreased purchasing power, and economic instability, which can have severe negative consequences on a country’s economy and the well-being of its citizens.